烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)機廢(fei)氣(qi)風量大(da),含塵(chen)濃(nong)度高(gao),水(shui)分大(da),露(lu)點(dian)高(gao),易結露(lu),排(pai)放點(dian)高(gao),污染范圍廣,是除塵(chen)技術的難(nan)(nan)點(dian)。烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)機尾部廢(fei)氣(qi)與各廠工藝條件有關(guan),個別企業用(yong)(yong)于多處材料的烘(hong)(hong)干(gan),生產變化大(da),開停機頻繁,波(bo)動范圍大(da),再則,用(yong)(yong)煤作(zuo)烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)熱源,廢(fei)氣(qi)中的硫(liu)的氧(yang)化物對金屬結構件有腐蝕作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),給除塵(chen)器的選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)帶來一(yi)定的困難(nan)(nan)。
(一)旋風除(chu)塵技術
旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)技術具有設(she)備(bei)費用(yong)(yong)低,可處理(li)(li)高(gao)溫氣(qi)(qi)體,操作容易(yi),適(shi)合含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)濃度(du)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點。其工作原理(li)(li)是在風(feng)(feng)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下(xia),含塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)流由(you)進口以較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)沿(yan)(yan)切線(xian)方向(xiang)(xiang)進入(ru)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器蝸殼(ke)內,自上而(er)下(xia)作螺(luo)旋(xuan)形(xing)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動(dong),塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒在離心(xin)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下(xia),被甩向(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)壁(bi),并沿(yan)(yan)壁(bi)面下(xia)旋(xuan),隨著圓錐(zhui)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)收縮(suo)而(er)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)(xiang)軸心(xin),受下(xia)部阻力而(er)返回,沿(yan)(yan)軸心(xin)由(you)下(xia)而(er)上螺(luo)形(xing)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)經芯管排出。外(wai)(wai)壁(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒在重力和向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)流帶動(dong)下(xia),沿(yan)(yan)壁(bi)面落入(ru)灰斗(dou),達到除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。由(you)于旋(xuan)風(feng)(feng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器是依靠塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒慣性分離,除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率與粒徑(jing)成正比,粒徑(jing)大(da)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)果好;粒徑(jing)小,除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)果差(cha),一般(ban)處理(li)(li)20微(wei)米以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率在70%~90%。
(二)袋(dai)除塵技術
袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)穩定、高效(xiao),維護(hu)簡單,運(yun)行可(ke)靠是(shi)大家(jia)公認的,它對顆粒0.1微(wei)米含塵(chen)氣體(ti),除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)效(xiao)率可(ke)高達(da)99%,烘干機廢氣除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)選用袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)不用考慮(lv)排放濃(nong)度超標(biao)問題。烘干機抗結(jie)露(lu)玻纖袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)目前理想的除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)凈化設備(bei)。該設備(bei)采用微(wei)機控制,分室(shi)反吹,定時清灰,并裝有溫度檢測顯示(shi),超溫報警(jing)裝置(zhi),采用 抗結(jie)露(lu)玻纖濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai),可(ke)有效(xiao)防止濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)結(jie)露(lu),也不會燒壞濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)。但(dan)是(shi)袋(dai)(dai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)存在著占地面積大,投資高的缺點,隨(sui)著濾(lv)(lv)袋(dai)(dai)覆(fu)膜技術的發(fa)展(zhan),這一缺點將得到克服,使用將更加廣泛(fan)。
(三)高壓靜(jing)電除塵技術
高(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)技(ji)術是將(jiang)50赫茲、220伏交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)100千瓦(wa)以上(shang)(shang)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)加到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(陰極(ji))形成(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)均勻(yun)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang),使(shi)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離產(chan)生大量的(de)(de)負離子和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子,使(shi)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)粉塵(chen)(chen)荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下,荷(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)趨向相反的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上(shang)(shang),一般陽極(ji)為(wei)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)極(ji),依靠振打(da)落(luo)入(ru)(ru)灰斗排出,完成(cheng)(cheng)凈化除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)過程。高(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器高(gao)效(xiao)低阻可廣泛用于(yu)建材、冶金、化工等行業粉塵(chen)(chen)污染場(chang)合(he)。它(ta)處理粉塵(chen)(chen)濃(nong)度高(gao),對0.01微米(mi)微細或高(gao)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻粉塵(chen)(chen),除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)果更為(wei)明顯,系列產(chan)品(pin)滿足不(bu)同風量的(de)(de)烘干(gan)設(she)備,匹配靈活,適合(he)烘干(gan)機廢氣(qi)(qi)特性的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)治理。
(四)濕法除(chu)塵技術
濕(shi)法除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)技(ji)術是含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體由引(yin)風機通過(guo)風管送入(ru)(ru)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)塔下(xia)(xia)部,由于斷面(mian)變大,流速降(jiang)低(di),并且(qie)粗顆粒粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)先在氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流中沉(chen)降(jiang),較(jiao)(jiao)細粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)隨(sui)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流上升,噴(pen)淋下(xia)(xia)來水珠與粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流逆(ni)向運(yun)動(dong),粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)被濕(shi)潤自(zi)重(zhong)不斷增加,在重(zhong)力(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)(xia),克服氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流的升力(li)而下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)成(cheng)泥(ni)漿水,通過(guo)下(xia)(xia)部管道(dao)進入(ru)(ru)沉(chen)淀池,達到除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)的目的。泥(ni)漿水一般經過(guo)2~3 級循環(huan)沉(chen)淀變清(qing)水,用(yong)泵打入(ru)(ru)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)塔內(nei)循環(huan)使(shi)用(yong),不造成(cheng)二次污染。該(gai)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)技(ji)術正壓操作(zuo)(zuo)一般用(yong)于黏土的烘干(gan)(gan),多種(zhong)物(wu)(原)料烘干(gan)(gan),回(hui)收(shou)料易混雜無法利用(yong),并對風葉(xie)磨(mo)損(sun)較(jiao)(jiao)大。黏土烘干(gan)(gan)機上使(shi)用(yong)濕(shi)法除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)技(ji)術,排(pai)放濃度可達國家排(pai)放標(biao)準規定。沉(chen)淀池每年清(qing)理一次,濕(shi)土經晾曬入(ru)(ru)庫,作(zuo)(zuo)為生產(chan)原料。該(gai)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系(xi)統收(shou)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率高,阻力(li)低(di),無二次污染,工藝(yi)靈(ling)活,運(yun)行可靠,電耗(hao)低(di),投資省,無結露,適應性強(qiang),具有較(jiao)(jiao)好的經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和社會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)。
(五(wu))重力沉降+高壓靜電除塵(chen)技術
由(you)沉(chen)降室(shi)和高(gao)(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)組成除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)工藝是含(han)塵(chen)(chen)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)由(you)引風(feng)(feng)(feng)機經(jing)風(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)高(gao)(gao)速(su)送入沉(chen)降室(shi),碰撞到墻(qiang)壁上,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)走向改(gai)變,使風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)迅速(su)降低(di),顆粒粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)沉(chen)降,經(jing)輸送設備(bei)排(pai)出(chu),微細粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)隨氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)進入高(gao)(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)場,在(zai)離子的(de)連續(xu)轟擊(ji)下而荷電(dian)(dian),飛(fei)向集塵(chen)(chen)極被(bei)收(shou)集后(hou)排(pai)出(chu),凈化后(hou)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)由(you)風(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)排(pai)入大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。兩級(ji)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)工藝,初級(ji)沉(chen)降室(shi)將 40微米以上大(da)顆粒粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)收(shou)集,降低(di)了氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)濃度(du),有(you)利于提高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率,風(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)可(ke)大(da)些(xie),設備(bei)可(ke)小些(xie),有(you)效(xiao)降低(di)投資。黏土烘干機的(de)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)工藝,含(han)塵(chen)(chen)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)從烘干機尾罩(zhao)由(you)引風(feng)(feng)(feng)機通過風(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)送入鋼板制作(zuo)的(de)方形(xing)沉(chen)降室(shi),廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)沉(chen)降后(hou)進入高(gao)(gao)壓靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi),凈化后(hou)排(pai)入大(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。引風(feng)(feng)(feng)機和沉(chen)降室(shi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)室(shi)內,靜電(dian)(dian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)室(shi)外,除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)系統正(zheng)常操作(zuo),使用多年(nian),無結(jie)露現象(xiang),排(pai)放濃度(du)可(ke)達國家(jia)排(pai)放標準(zhun)。
(六)旋風+高壓(ya)靜電除塵技術
該除塵(chen)技術是烘干機(ji)含(han)塵(chen)廢氣(qi)由風管進入前級高(gao)效旋(xuan)風除塵(chen)器(qi)進行預(yu)除塵(chen),粉塵(chen)由灰斗經排(pai)灰設(she)備排(pai)出,氣(qi)流含(han)塵(chen)濃度降低,然(ran)后進入高(gao)壓靜電除塵(chen)器(qi)的二級除塵(chen),凈化后的氣(qi)體出風機(ji)排(pai)入大氣(qi),使(shi)除塵(chen)效率提(ti)高(gao),工(gong)藝靈活(huo),安(an)全可靠。
烘干(gan)機廢氣除塵技(ji)術的應用,不僅保護了(le)(le)環境,減(jian)輕(qing)了(le)(le)勞動強度,還(huan)提高了(le)(le)臺時產(chan)量,減(jian)少了(le)(le)排污費的支(zhi)出,回(hui)收(shou)的粉(fen)塵是很好的水泥生產(chan)原(yuan)料(liao),有顯(xian)著(zhu)的經(jing)濟效益、社會效益和